from pathlib import Path import os import tempfile os.environ.setdefault("MPLCONFIGDIR", str(Path(tempfile.gettempdir()) / "codex-wiki-matplotlib")) import matplotlib matplotlib.use("Agg") import matplotlib.pyplot as plt import numpy as np plt.rcParams.update({"font.size": 10, "savefig.facecolor": "white"}) Id=np.deg2rad(87);dO=np.deg2rad(4);ip=np.linspace(85,95,501);ir=np.deg2rad(ip) im=np.rad2deg(np.arccos(np.cos(Id)*np.cos(ir)+np.sin(Id)*np.sin(ir)*np.cos(dO))) approx=np.sqrt((ip-87)**2+4**2) fig,ax=plt.subplots(figsize=(6.6,3.4),dpi=100,facecolor='white') ax.plot(ip,im,color='#1269a8',label='Exact normal-vector formula') ax.plot(ip,approx,ls='--',color='#ca551b',label='Second-order approximation') ax.scatter([88],[4.1193613],color='black',s=24,zorder=5) ax.annotate('Observed planet: (88, 4.119)',xy=(88,4.1193613),xytext=(89,5.1),arrowprops={'arrowstyle':'->'},fontsize=9) ax.axvline(86.99268774,color='gray',ls=':',lw=1) ax.set(xlabel='Planet sky-plane inclination (degrees)',ylabel='Mutual inclination (degrees)',title='Different nodes prevent an exactly coplanar orbit',xlim=(85,95),ylim=(3.5,9.5)) ax.grid(alpha=.18);ax.legend(fontsize=8);fig.tight_layout() fig.savefig(Path.cwd()/'paper-63-mutual-inclination.png',dpi=100,facecolor='white')