"""Original effective-mass curve for overlap-weighted exponential hopping.""" from pathlib import Path import matplotlib matplotlib.use("Agg") import matplotlib.pyplot as plt import numpy as np s = np.linspace(0.18, 8, 900) mass = np.exp(s) / (s**2 * (1 + s)) minimum = 1 + np.sqrt(3) minimum_mass = np.exp(minimum) / (minimum**2 * (1 + minimum)) fig, ax = plt.subplots(figsize=(7.9, 4.7), layout="constrained") ax.semilogy(s, mass, color="#245b9f", lw=2.3) ax.plot(minimum, minimum_mass, "o", color="#a34828", ms=6) ax.annotate(r"minimum at $a/a_1=1+\sqrt{3}$", xy=(minimum, minimum_mass), xytext=(3.4, 2.1), arrowprops={"arrowstyle": "->", "lw": 1}, fontsize=11) ax.set(xlim=(0, 8), ylim=(0.4, 45), xlabel=r"Atomic spacing $a/a_1$", ylabel=r"$m^*\,/\,[\hbar^2/(4E_1a_1^2)]$", title="Band curvature from overlap-weighted exponential hopping") ax.text(0.28, 29, "Small-spacing continuation\nexceeds the localized-orbital regime.", fontsize=9, va="top") ax.grid(which="both", alpha=0.15) fig.savefig(Path(__file__).with_suffix(".png").name, dpi=120, facecolor="white")