This section is about games initially designed for humans, but which ended up being used in AI development as well, e.g.:
- board games such as Chess and Go
- video games such as Minecraft or old Video game console games
Isothermal means "at fixed temperature".
This is to contrast with the more well established polymerase chain reaction, which requires heating and cooling the sample several times.
The obvious advantage of isothermal methods is that their machinery can be simpler and cheaper, and the process can happen faster, since you don't have to do through heating and cooling cycles.
www.youtube.com/watch?v=WB8r7CU7clk&list=PLUl4u3cNGP60TvpbO5toEWC8y8w51dtvm by Iain Stewart. Basically starts by explaining how quantum field theory is so generic that it is hard to get any numerical results out of it :-)
But in particular, we want to describe those subtheories in a way that we can reach arbitrary precision of the full theory if desired.
This was the pre-Internet precursor of wikis. This program was likely venerable, shame it predates Ciro Santilli's era.
But the thing was much more bloated it seems, and also included visual programming elements, and WYSISYG UI creation.
Convex hull of all (Cartesian product power) D-tuples, e.g. in 3D:
( 1, 1, 1)
( 1, 1, -1)
( 1, -1, 1)
( 1, -1, -1)
(-1, 1, 1)
(-1, 1, -1)
(-1, -1, 1)
(-1, -1, -1)From this we see that there are vertices.
Two vertices are linked iff they differ by a single number. So each vertex has D neighbors.
Ciro Santilli distinctly remembers being taught that at basic electrical engineering school during Ciro Santilli's undergrad studies at the University of São Paulo.
It really allows you to do alternating current calculations much as you'd do DC calculations with resistors, quite poweful. It must have been all the rage in the 1950s.
IBM 2017 beryllium hydride ground state calculation on a quantum computer Updated 2024-12-23 +Created 1970-01-01
TODO what's the largest molecule done on a classical computer?
- www.ibm.com/blogs/research/2017/09/quantum-molecule/
- www.nature.com/articles/nature23879 "Hardware-efficient variational quantum eigensolver for small molecules and quantum magnets"
- www.sciencemag.org/news/2017/09/quantum-computer-simulates-largest-molecule-yet-sparking-hope-future-drug-discoveries
Small splits present in all levels due to interaction between the electron spin and the nuclear spin if it is present, i.e. the nucleus has an even number of nucleons.
As the name suggests, this energy split is very small, since the influence of the nucleus spin on the electron spin is relatively small compared to other fine structure.
TODO confirm: does it need quantum electrodynamics or is the Dirac equation enough?
The most important examples:
- hydrogen line useful in astronomy, and also the simplest possible case between 1s
- caesium standard, which is used to define the second in the International System of Units since 1967.
Company co-founded by Scott Hassan, early Google programmer at Stanford University, and Carl Victor Page, Jr., Larry Page's older brother.
They were an email list management website, and became Yahoo! Groups after the acquisition.
The company was sold to Yahoo! in August 2000 for $432m and became Yahoo! Groups. They managed to miraculously dodge the Dot-com bubble, which mostly poppet in 2021. After the acquisition, Yahoo started to redirect them to: groups.yahoo.com as can be seen on the Wayback Machine: web.archive.org/web/20000401000000*/egroups.com The first archive of groups.yahoo.com is from February 2001: web.archive.org/web/20010202055100/http://groups.yahoo.com/ and it unsurprisingly looks basically exactly like eGroups.
eGroups logo
. From the earliest archive of their "about" page: web.archive.org/web/19991004062653/http://www.egroups.com/info/top.html in 1999.This was the first major commercial computer hit. Stlil vacuum tube-based.
Learning how to program on the IBM 650 Donald Knuth interview by Web of Stories (2006)
Source. It was decimal!Most notable example: gallium arsenide, see also: gallium arsenide vs silicon.
An important class of semiconductors, e.g. there is a dedicated III-V lab at: École Polytechnique: www.3-5lab.fr/contactus.php
Ice is the name of one of the solid phases of water.
In informal contexts, it usually refers to the phase of ice observed in atmospheric pressure, Ice Ih.
The term "IBM Q" has been used in some promotional material as of 2020, e.g.: www.ibm.com/mysupport/s/topic/0TO50000000227pGAA/ibm-q-quantum-computing?language=en_US though the fuller form "IBM Quantum Computing" is somewhat more widely used.
They also internally named an division as "IBM Q": sg.news.yahoo.com/ibm-thinks-ready-turn-quantum-050100574.html
Example: nodejs/sequelize/raw/tree.js
- Implementation agnostic
- stackoverflow.com/questions/192220/what-is-the-most-efficient-elegant-way-to-parse-a-flat-table-into-a-tree
- stackoverflow.com/questions/5508985/recursive-query-for-adjacency-list-to-preorder-tree-traversal-in-sql DBMS agnostic specifically asking not to modify adjacenty list data structure
- Postgres
- stackoverflow.com/questions/67848017/simple-recursive-sql-query
- stackoverflow.com/questions/28688264/how-to-traverse-a-hierarchical-tree-structure-structure-backwards-using-recursiv
- stackoverflow.com/questions/51822070/how-can-postgres-represent-a-tree-of-row-ids
- depth first
- uspecified depth first variant
- preorder DFS
- breadth-first stackoverflow.com/questions/3709292/select-rows-from-table-using-tree-order
- MySQL
- stackoverflow.com/questions/8252323/mysql-closure-table-hierarchical-database-how-to-pull-information-out-in-the-c asks how to use a specific order (preorder DFS) with closure table
- Microsoft SQL Server
There are unlisted articles, also show them or only show them.