= A. M. de Vos
{c}
<A. M. de Vos> investigated how <growth hormone> binds its <growth hormone receptor>. With colleagues, de Vos determined the <X-ray crystallography> structure of a complex containing human <growth hormone> and the extracellular portion of its <receptor>. The 1992 structure, measured at $2.8\,\text{Å}$, contained \b[one <hormone> molecule and two <receptor> molecules].<Human growth hormone and extracellular domain of its receptor: crystal structure of the complex by A. M. de Vos and others>[Science 255, pp. 306–312; abstract and complex stoichiometry]{ref}
The <growth hormone> molecule contacted the two <receptors> through different binding surfaces, although the <receptors> used largely the same residues in each contact. Additional contact between the two <receptors> supported a model in which <hormone> binding brings a receptor pair together. This made the geometry of <signal transduction> concrete: a single bound <hormone> can organize more than one receptor molecule. The measured complex contained extracellular fragments, so the structure did not by itself record the complete activation process across a <cell membrane>.<Human growth hormone and extracellular domain of its receptor: crystal structure of the complex by A. M. de Vos and others>[Abstract; distinct hormone-binding interfaces, receptor contacts and proposed sequential dimerization]{ref}
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