= Acid-base titration
An <acid-base titration> adds measured quantities of a standardized <chemical acid> or <chemical base> to determine an initially unknown acid or base inventory through <neutralization>. Monitoring <pH> also constrains <chemical equilibrium> parameters such as the <acid dissociation constant>.
The added reagent is the <titrant>; a <pipette> selects an <aliquot> of the sample and a <burette> measures the added <volume (thermodynamics)>. Known <stoichiometry> converts this <volume (thermodynamics)> into <amount of substance>. This separates two questions that a single <pH> reading cannot answer: how much <chemical acid> is present, and how readily it donates a <proton>. A large inventory of <weak acid> can consume more <titrant> than a small inventory of <strong acid> despite having a higher initial <pH>.
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