Alexander Shalnikov
= Alexander Shalnikov
{c}
{tag=Physicist}
An experimental <physicist> whose advice on preparing superconducting films helped expose new behavior. According to <Alexei Alexeyevich Abrikosov>, Shalnikov urged keeping the deposition substrate at liquid-<helium> temperatures so metal atoms would remain in place rather than collect into droplets. The resulting films changed the measured critical-field behavior, showing how sample preparation can reveal physics hidden by an inhomogeneous specimen.<Nobel Lecture: Type-II superconductors and the vortex lattice by Alexei Alexeyevich Abrikosov>[p. 975: Shalnikov's cooled-substrate recommendation and Zavaritskii's measurements]{ref}