All-to-all Heisenberg model
= All-to-all Heisenberg model
{c}
For $N$ spin-one-half systems and one term per unordered pair,
$$
\sum_{i<j}\boldsymbol\sigma_i\mathbin{\cdot}\boldsymbol\sigma_j
=2\mathbf S^2-\frac{3N}{2},
\qquad
\mathbf S=\frac12\sum_i\boldsymbol\sigma_i.
$$
Its minimum lies in the smallest available total-spin sector.