= B. R. Duling
{c}
<B. R. Duling> investigated the <microcirculation>, including how <blood> components occupy the internal space of <capillaries>. A 1996 study with <H. Vink> compared anatomical capillary dimensions with the domains available to flowing <blood cells> and macromolecules.<Identification of distinct luminal domains for macromolecules, erythrocytes, and leukocytes within mammalian capillaries by H. Vink and B. R. Duling>[Byline and Abstract: anatomical versus functional capillary dimensions]{ref}
The comparison addressed the <endothelial glycocalyx>, a surface layer at the blood-facing side of the <endothelium>. A space bounded by the vessel wall need not be equally accessible to every circulating component. <Fluorescence microscopy> and observations of moving <blood cells> provided different views of that same microvascular space.<Identification of distinct luminal domains for macromolecules, erythrocytes, and leukocytes within mammalian capillaries by H. Vink and B. R. Duling>[Abstract and study design: surface coat and component-specific luminal domains]{ref}
For a geometric example, an accessible circular <radius> of $4$ units inside an anatomical <radius> of $5$ units gives an accessible <area> fraction $4^2/5^2=0.64$. The numbers are illustrative, not experimental measurements. They show why a modest difference in apparent width can matter when estimating available space.
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