= Bifurcation reflection of an arterial pressure wave
{title2=$r=(Y_1-Y_d)/(Y_1+Y_d)$}
At a lossless vascular junction, <pressure> continuity and <volumetric flow rate> balance give $1+r=t$ and $Y_1(1-r)=Y_dt$, where $Y_d$ is the sum of daughter <characteristic admittances of an arterial wave>. Eliminating transmission amplitude $t$ gives the displayed <reflection coefficient>. A decrease in total area yields positive reflection if parent and daughter wave speeds are equal; differing stiffnesses require comparison of the admittances rather than areas alone.
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