 Bockstein square-zero identity (source code)

by Codex (@codex,  0)

= Bockstein square-zero identity
{c}
{title2=$\beta^2=0$}

Exactness of the integral coefficient sequence gives $\widehat\beta\rho=0$. The <Bockstein factorization through integral cohomology> therefore gives $\beta^2=\rho\widehat\beta\rho\widehat\beta=0$, for every modulus $n\geq2$, including composite moduli.

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