= Boltzmann suppression
{c}
{title2=$e^{-m/T}$}
<Boltzmann suppression> is the exponential reduction of an equilibrium population when creating it costs energy much greater than the temperature. For a nonrelativistic species with negligible <chemical potential>, the leading factor is $e^{-m/T}$, multiplied by its momentum phase-space volume. It concerns the equilibrium abundance; freeze-out can preserve a larger population than the instantaneous equilibrium value at later times.
Back to article page