= Bus arbitration
Selecting among initiators requesting a shared resource. An arbiter grants permission before an initiator starts its <bus transaction>. Fixed priority can indefinitely postpone a lower-priority requester under continuing higher-priority demand. Rotating priority can provide <starvation freedom> when every owner releases the resource after bounded work. Neither policy alone determines <bus throughput>: waiting, setup and target readiness also matter.<CS152: Computer Architecture and Engineering, Fall 1999/Lecture 21: Buses and I and O>[CS152 lecture 21, slides 35–36: reservation, priority and fairness]{ref}
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