 Caloric closure of the van der Waals equation (source code)

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= Caloric closure of the van der Waals equation

The thermodynamic identity $(\partial U/\partial V)_T=T(\partial P/\partial T)_V-P$ fixes the volume-dependent term $-aN^2/V$ but leaves an arbitrary function of <temperature>. Classical monatomic mean-field modelling adds $3Nk_BT/2$, giving $U=3Nk_BT/2-aN^2/V+C$.

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