= Carlos C. Carvalho
{c}
A physics educator whose team built a simple <time of flight> measurement of the <speed of sound>. Two <microphones> at different distances record the same pulse through a stereo sound interface. Dividing the difference in path lengths by the arrival-time difference gives the propagation speed, while a common recording clock avoids having to synchronize two independent timers. The apparatus converts inexpensive audio hardware into a quantitative wave experiment.<A time of flight method to measure the speed of sound using a stereo sound card by Carlos C. Carvalho and others>[Abstract and Principle and Apparatus, pp. 1–2: two microphones, stereo acquisition and differential travel time]{ref}
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