Chris Hamilton Created 2026-10-24 Updated 2026-11-05
Chris Hamilton and Tobias Heinemann studied the collective gravitational response of a stellar system near a stability threshold. In their linear homogeneous model, transient Landau modes cancel the divergent contribution obtained by treating a perturbing mass's gravitational wake in isolation.[ref]
The linear response of stellar systems does not diverge at marginal stability by Chris Hamilton and Tobias Heinemann. Abstract: complete linear response and cancellation
This connects mode dynamics with the interpretation of gravitational relaxation. A separately large contribution need not make the complete observable response large when coupled terms are retained consistently.
The linear response of stellar systems does not diverge at marginal stability by Chris Hamilton and Tobias Heinemann Created 2026-10-24 Updated 2026-11-05
By Chris Hamilton and Tobias Heinemann. Sections 2.1–2.2 separate the forcing-pole gravitational wake from the collective Landau mode transients and examine the nonuniform late-time limit near marginal stability.
Tobias Heinemann Created 2026-10-24 Updated 2026-11-05
Tobias Heinemann and Chris Hamilton analysed how a stellar system responds to a moving perturbing mass. Their homogeneous-system calculation includes both the gravitational wake and collective Landau modes, whose apparent divergences cancel near marginal stability.[ref]
The result shows why retaining only the steady wake can misrepresent a slowly relaxing system. The assumptions about background distribution and the order of time and stability limits are part of the calculation.