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A civil engineer designs or evaluates infrastructure using civil engineering methods. The work can include estimating loads, modeling soil and structural response, selecting materials and checking construction against the design assumptions. For example, predicting bridge deflection requires both a mechanical model and credible boundary conditions for its supports. The role connects calculations to site conditions and measured behaviour rather than treating a drawing as a complete description of the physical system.

A civil engineer who researches the mechanical properties of soils.^[ref]