Let be the sum of the four axial neighbors and the sum of the four diagonal neighbors. The two PDF stencils define
The reaction stencil has four axial weights and center weight , so its weights sum to one. Taylor expansion gives
For example, the diagonal neighbors supply the term needed to turn the fourth derivatives into the full squared Laplacian. Adding the reaction contribution produces
On a smooth solution of the constant-coefficient equation, both displayed leading terms vanish. Thus the compact fourth-order Helmholtz stencil has
The cancellation uses the differential equation and constant ; the nine-point finite-difference stencil alone still has an operator error on an arbitrary smooth function. It also does not establish a uniform global fourth-order error without an appropriate inverse bound and compatible treatment of boundaries and resonances.