= Complementary formulations of renormalized QED
The achievement depended on complementary ways to organize the same physics. In his Nobel lecture, delivered in 1966 for the 1965 prize, <Sin-Itiro Tomonaga> described covariant contact transformations and replacing the unobservable bare <mass> and <electric charge> by experimental values. He also credited <Julian Seymour Schwinger>'s magnetic-moment work and <Richard Feynman>'s methods for extending the approximation.<Development of Quantum Electrodynamics: Personal recollections by Sin-Itiro Tomonaga>[Development of Quantum Electrodynamics, May 6, 1966; concluding discussion of renormalization and complementary calculations]{ref}
<Richard Feynman>'s 1965 lecture traced his spacetime and <path integral> viewpoint and the <Feynman diagrams> that made <perturbation theory> easier to organize. He emphasized that the <path integral> viewpoint helped him find expressions without being essential to every calculation. These accounts support shared credit for workable <renormalized> <QED>, not attribution of the whole theory to a single person.<The Development of the Space-Time View of Quantum Electrodynamics by Richard Feynman>[The Development of the Space-Time View of Quantum Electrodynamics, December 11, 1965; paragraphs on manifest covariance, diagrams and the final assessment of path integrals]{ref}
Back to article page
