= Counterion charge difference and membrane voltage
{title2=$Q_{\mathrm{in}}-Q_{\mathrm{out}}=2Q_{\mathrm{in}}$}
For an ideal two-plate <capacitor> with opposite <Electric charge>[charges], a stated inside-minus-outside <Electric charge>[charge] difference is twice the inner plate <Electric charge>[charge]. The <voltage> is inner plate <Electric charge>[charge] divided by <capacitance>. Confusing a plate <Electric charge>[charge] with the difference of plate <Electric charge>[charges] creates a factor-two error in inferred <Cell membrane>[membrane] <voltage>.
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