Past exam of the mathematics course of the University of Cambridge 2024 iii Paper 209 2 1 Solution Created 2026-09-24 Updated 2026-09-25
Suppose for contradiction that the critical probability for site percolation on the triangular lattice satisfied . Then would be subcritical, so exponential decay of subcritical percolation would give constants such that the probability that a fixed site has an open path to distance is at most .
Every left-to-right open crossing of an by rhombus contains a site on its left side joined to distance at least . There are possible starting sites, so the union bound would implyPlanar self-duality and symmetry instead make this crossing probability exactly at every . This contradiction proves .