= Dale Frail
{c}
{wiki}
= D. A. Frail
{c}
{synonym}
<Dale Frail> and <Aleksander Wolszczan> reported planetary companions to a millisecond <pulsar> in 1992. Their evidence came from small periodic variations in the arrival times of its radio pulses.
An orbiting <pulsar> changes its <Euclidean distance> from the observer, changing the travel <time> of its <radio waves>. Timing residuals can therefore reveal a reflex <orbit> and constrain unseen companion <mass>[masses]. This method found a planetary system around a <neutron star>, a very different environment from the <Solar system>.<A planetary system around the millisecond pulsar PSR1257 + 12 by Aleksander Wolszczan and Dale Frail>[pp. 145–147: timing variations and planetary interpretation]{ref}
\Image[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:Redirect/file/Dale_Frail_en_NRAO.jpg?width=260]
{title=Portrait of <Dale Frail>}
{description=Dale Frail. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/[CC BY 3.0], via Wikimedia Commons.}
{source=https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Dale_Frail_en_NRAO.jpg}
{width=260}
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