= Derivational morphology
<Derivational morphology> forms lexical items from existing bases, changing meaning and sometimes lexical category. It is part of <linguistic morphology>, alongside <inflection>, which supplies grammatical forms of a <lexeme>. The distribution of an affix matters as well as its visible spelling.<Essentials of Linguistics (2nd edition) by Catherine Anderson and others>[§5.6, category selection and order of affixation]{ref}
For example, adding `-ness` to the <adjective> `kind` gives the <noun> `kindness`; adding `un-` to `kind` gives another <adjective>, `unkind`. Combining the operations yields `unkindness`. A category-sensitive analysis first forms `unkind`, then attaches `-ness`: this use of `un-` selects an <adjective>, whereas `kindness` is already a <noun>. The intermediate structure explains a restriction that merely listing the three <morphemes> misses. <Derivational morphology> therefore connects reusable word-building rules to both <syntax> and <semantics>.
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