Dimethylformamide
= Dimethylformamide
<Dimethylformamide> is the <amide> $\mathrm{H-C(=O)-N(CH_3)_2}$, commonly abbreviated DMF. It is a <polar aprotic solvent> with a carbonyl <oxygen> that can interact with dissolved ions.
The <solvent> changes both solvation and molecular association. In <protein> engineering, activity in concentrated DMF can depend separately on folding, stability, and catalytic chemistry; one measurement does not identify which property changed.
<Tuning the activity of an enzyme for unusual environments: sequential random mutagenesis of subtilisin E for catalysis in dimethylformamide by Keqin Chen and others>[Primary enzyme-engineering study: activity in concentrated dimethylformamide]{ref}