Domain Markov property of the Gaussian free field
= Domain Markov property of the Gaussian free field
{c}
For an open $U\subset D$, the field decomposes as $h=h_U+h^{D\setminus U}$, where $h_U$ is an independent zero-boundary Gaussian free field on $U$ and $h^{D\setminus U}$ is harmonic on $U$ and agrees with the outside field in the distributional sense.