Use the printed coordinate derivative , not an outward normal derivative; at the left endpoint these have opposite signs. Assume the usual bounded or admissibly growing solution at infinity, with an initial trace and forcing possessing a Laplace transform. Set , so , and use on the principal square root branch. Define
The half-line Dirichlet Green function for gives
Write the transformed solution as . The Laplace transform of a derivative in the dynamic boundary condition is , so
The special choice of gives the perfect square
In particular, the initial boundary trace cannot be omitted. With
an integral representation is
Choose the Bromwich contour to the right of the forcing's growth abscissa and every pole; and sufficiently large for the data is a safe choice for real . No sign of is explicitly imposed in this question.
The inverse transform can also be performed explicitly. For the repeated-root dynamic-boundary heat kernel, set
First integrate the Heat Poisson kernel against , or differentiate the result with respect to :
Since differentiation of with respect to produces , and , the desired kernel is
Here is the complementary error function. A direct integral characterization, also proving the sign and the transform, is
The convolution theorem for Laplace transforms now gives the fully real time-domain representation
All quantities here are known from the prescribed data. For it tends to as . At , and the spatial correction tends to zero, recovering . A solution classical through the initial corner additionally needs ; weaker corner regularity does not invalidate the formula for positive times.
The repeated-root unstable heat boundary mode gives a useful sign check on the dynamic boundary condition for the heat equation. If , has a genuine double pole at on the physical branch, and the exact homogeneous mode satisfies both the heat equation and the printed boundary condition. Generic data can also excite a contribution. A contour deformation must retain this repeated-pole contribution. If , the putative root is outside the chosen branch and is not a physical pole. At , , as expected when the boundary trace satisfies .
For the dynamic boundary condition for the heat equation with , , the boundary resolvent denominator is . With the principal square root, its inverse kernel is
Equivalently, using the Heat Poisson kernel. This representation fixes the repeated-root sign and remains valid for either sign of .