= Electrical impedance
{title2=$Z(\omega)=\widehat V/\widehat I$}
{wiki}
Electrical impedance is the ratio of voltage and current <complex amplitudes> for sinusoidal steady response at a specified <angular frequency>. With time dependence $e^{\mathrm i\omega t}$, an ideal <resistor>, <inductor> and <capacitor> have $Z_R=R$, $Z_L=\mathrm i\omega L$ and $Z_C=1/(\mathrm i\omega C)$. Their <electrical impedances> add in a <series RLC circuit>, giving $Z=R+\mathrm i(\omega L-1/(\omega C))$. The current <amplitude> is $V_0/|Z|$, so cancellation of the imaginary terms explains the <resonant series RLC response>. https://openstax.org/books/university-physics-volume-2/pages/15-3-rlc-series-circuits-with-ac[OpenStax University Physics 2, §15.3: impedance and series resonance]{ref}.
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