= Electrochemical potential
{title2=$\widetilde\mu_{\rm m}=\mu_{\rm m}+zF_{\rm Far}\psi$}
{wiki}
The molar <electrochemical potential> combines the molar <chemical potential> $\mu_{\rm m}$ with the electrical contribution $zF_{\rm Far}\psi$, where $z$ is the signed charge number of an <ion>, $F_{\rm Far}=N_{\rm A}e$ is the <Faraday constant> and $\psi$ is <electric potential>. Both terms have units $\mathrm{J\,mol^{-1}}$. In the particle convention the corresponding expression is $\widetilde\mu_{\rm particle}=\mu_{\rm particle}+ze\psi$, with <elementary charge> $e$; multiplying it by the <Avogadro constant> gives the molar form. Transfer between locations at the same <temperature> and <pressure> is driven by differences in <electrochemical potential>. The <membrane transport> examples use it to distinguish neutral <solute> transfer from <ion> transfer.
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