= Émile Verdet
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{tag=Physicist}
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<Émile Verdet> studied <optics> and <magnetism>, particularly the <Faraday effect>. A <magnetic field> along the propagation direction changes the orientation of linearly polarized <light>. In a uniform sample the measured <optical rotation> is written $\theta=VBL$, where $B$ is the longitudinal <magnetic flux density>, $L$ the path length, and $V$ the <Verdet constant> at the specified <wavelength> and <temperature>. The coefficient links an angular optical measurement with the material's magneto-optical response.<Émile Verdet, ENS library record>[Biographical description: research on optics, magnetism and Faraday rotation; named constant; modern uniform-sample notation]{ref}
A <physicist>.https://lucienne.ens.psl.eu/s/lucienne/item/264170[Independent biographical source: physics; optics and magnetism]{ref}
\Image[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:Redirect/file/Emile_Verdet.png?width=260]
{title=Portrait of <Émile Verdet>}
{description=Bibliothèque nationale de France; portrait reproduced in the 1872 collected works of Émile Verdet. Public domain artwork; faithful reproduction identified as public domain by Wikimedia Commons. https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/[Source usage terms], via Wikimedia Commons.}
{source=https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Emile_Verdet.png}
{width=260}
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