= Energy-loss near-edge structure
= ELNES
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<Energy-loss near-edge structure> is the detailed shape near an inner-shell excitation edge in an <electron energy loss spectroscopy> measurement. Transition probabilities sample accessible unoccupied electronic states, so local bonding and orientation affect the edge shape as well as elemental identity.
Comparing two specimens containing the same element can therefore reveal different electronic environments. Interpretation must account for instrumental <energy resolution>, the incident beam's energy spread and <lifetime broadening> of the states involved. <Electronic State Analysis by Monochromated STEM-EELS by JEOL>[JEOL, Electronic State Analysis by Monochromated STEM-EELS: ELNES and resolution limits]{ref} A small peak difference alone does not uniquely determine one atomic arrangement.
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