Escape into the third dimension (source code)

= Escape into the third dimension

A two-dimensional director winding can sometimes unwind when the director may tilt out of the plane. For a three-dimensional nematic the fundamental group of the order-parameter space is $\pi_1(\mathbb{RP}^2)=\mathbb Z/2\mathbb Z$, so two disclination lines are topologically equivalent to none.