Set , . The finite pulse has Laplace transform . Since , transforming the equation gives
The partial fraction decomposition has inverse . By the Laplace transform time-shift rule,
This finite-pulse response of a first-order linear equation gives the requested outer regions:
For completeness, while the pulse is active the solution is . It is continuous at both switching times. After the forcing stops it grows as , because the homogeneous equation is . The apparent pole at in the full transform is removable; the Bromwich contour may be taken with .
Figure 1.
A unit-area pulse excites an exponentially growing response
. Original calculated responses for two pulse widths and their limiting impulse response. The lower panel shows the prescribed rectangular inputs; their areas are both one. Details.