Formal solution of the radiative transfer equation (source code)

= Formal solution of the radiative transfer equation

For an outward ray through a nonscattering atmosphere,
$$
I_\nu(0,\mu)=I_\nu(\tau_b,\mu)e^{-\tau_b/\mu}
+\int_0^{\tau_b}B_\nu[T(t)]e^{-t/\mu}\frac{dt}{\mu}.
$$