= Friedel oscillation wavelength from carrier density
{c}
{title2=$\lambda=\pi/(3\pi^2n)^{1/3}$}
A single isotropic three-dimensional valley with two equal <spin> populations has $n=k_F^3/(3\pi^2)$. A density oscillation at <wavevector> $2k_F$ therefore has the wavelength in the title. This depends on <carrier density>, independently of effective mass and dielectric screening strength. Extra valley degeneracy, spin polarization or reduced dimensionality changes the state-counting relation.
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