Gauge-boson mass matrix from an adjoint scalar
= Gauge-boson mass matrix from an adjoint scalar
{title2=$(M^2)_{ab}=-2g^2\operatorname{Tr}([t^a,\Phi_0][t^b,\Phi_0])$}
For generators normalized by $\operatorname{Tr}(t^at^b)=\delta^{ab}/2$, a constant adjoint <vacuum expectation value> $\Phi_0$ gives this <matrix>. A generator commuting with $\Phi_0$ corresponds to a massless <gauge boson>.