Past exam of the mathematics course of the University of Cambridge 2016 iii Paper 121 5 e i Solution Created 2026-10-03 Updated 2026-10-06
The Fn forcing here is ; larger partial functions are stronger conditions. This translates the inclusion description into standard notation for forcing as when . Compatible members of the generic filter agree wherever both are defined, sois a function. For every , the conditions whose domains contain that coordinate form a dense subset of a forcing order. This requirement belongs to , and the generic filter meets it. Consequently is total.
Define the generic coordinate reals for finite-function forcing byFor distinct , the conditions assigning opposite bits to those rows at some column form a dense subset of a forcing order. Given any finite condition, choose a column absent from both rows and extend by assigning zero to one coordinate and one to the other. Genericity supplies such a condition in , so .
Past exam of the mathematics course of the University of Cambridge 2017 iii Paper 121 4 iv Solution Created 2026-10-03 Updated 2026-10-05
Put and let . Conditions from Fn forcing agree on common coordinates because is directed, so is a function. For each , the ground-model setis dense: add a value at that coordinate if necessary. The generic filter meets all these sets, making total.
For distinct , the ground-model setis dense. Choose fresh for both rows of a finite condition and assign and there. Genericity therefore makes the rows pairwise different. The generic coordinate reals for finite-function forcing are , and in the generic extensionThe family is a set in , for example by collecting the ground-model names and evaluating the corresponding name for their indexed family. This argument only needs as the specified ground-model ordinal; it does not silently assume a cardinal preservation by chain-condition forcing result.