Past exam of the mathematics course of the University of Cambridge 2023 iii Paper 144 4 a Solution 2026-09-28
In a strongly minimal theory, model-theoretic algebraic closure is a pregeometry. If is algebraically closed, every element outside realizes the generic type in a strongly minimal theory: every one-variable definable set is finite or cofinite, and a point outside belongs to none of the finite ones.
Enumerate a finite tuple of distinct elements of the independent set . Independence saysIts image tuple under the bijection has the same property. Inductively, and realize the same generic type over the algebraic closures of the preceding tuples, so every finite restriction of is elementary. First-order formulas involve only finitely many parameters, hence the entire bijection is an elementary map. This is the independent set in a strongly minimal theory principle.
Past exam of the mathematics course of the University of Cambridge 2023 iii Paper 144 4 b Solution 2026-09-28
Let be a finite partial elementary map in . In a countable language, the algebraic closures of finite sets are countable. An alternating back-and-forth construction extends to an isomorphismAt each step, an element algebraic over the current domain has a finite algebraic type, and elementarity provides a matching realization on the other side.
Choose a basis of a pregeometry over the first closed set and a basis of a pregeometry over the second. The dimension of a pregeometry is the same for the two extensions: the isomorphism preserves the finite ranks already contributed by and , while both sides have the same ambient dimension. Choose a bijection . Part (a) and uniqueness of the generic type in a strongly minimal theory make the enlarged map elementary. Since an elementary submodel is algebraically closed in the monster,and the map extends over algebraic closure to an automorphism of . Thus every finite partial elementary map extends to an automorphism: every model is homogeneous, as stated in homogeneity of models of a countable strongly minimal theory.