= Gravitational binding energy
{title2=$\Omega=-\int_0^M Gm/r(m)\,dm$}
{wiki}
In <Newtonian gravity>, assembling a spherical mass distribution from shells gives the gravitational <potential energy> in the title formula, with zero at infinite separation. Its magnitude measures the gravitational contribution to binding. The full energy accounting of a hot self-gravitating body also includes its <internal energy>; the <virial theorem> relates the two in equilibrium. A uniform-density <sphere> has $\Omega=-3GM^2/(5R)$.
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