= Guidelines for Evaluating and Expressing the Uncertainty of NIST Measurement Results by Barry N. Taylor and Chris E. Kuyatt
{c}
{tag=Work by Barry N. Taylor}
{tag=Work by Chris E. Kuyatt}
{title2=1994}
{title2=NIST Technical Note 1297}
Institutional guidance on measurement uncertainty. Sections 2–5 distinguish uncertainty evaluation from the physical classification of effects and combine uncertainty contributions; Appendix D.1 discusses <systematic error> and correction.
https://www.nist.gov/pml/nist-technical-note-1297
https://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/legacy/tn/nbstechnicalnote1297.pdf
Additional locators: https://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/Legacy/TN/nbstechnicalnote1297.pdf[§5.1 and Appendix A, equation A-3: combined standard uncertainty from sensitivity coefficients, input variances and covariance terms].
Sections 6.2–6.3 distinguish an expanded-uncertainty interval from an automatically justified confidence level. A coverage factor of two gives approximately 95 percent under a normal model when the combined standard uncertainty has negligible uncertainty; a precise confidence interpretation otherwise requires distributional information. https://www.nist.gov/pml/nist-technical-note-1297/nist-tn-1297-6-expanded-uncertainty[§§6.2–6.3, Expanded Uncertainty]{ref}
Appendix A.1 states that the measurement model should include corrections and all quantities contributing significant uncertainty, rather than express only a physical law. https://www.nist.gov/pml/nist-technical-note-1297/nist-tn-1297-appendix-law-propagation-uncertainty[Appendix A.1, complete measurement-process model]{ref}
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