= Gunnar Fant
{c}
{title2=1919–2009}
<Gunnar Fant> developed acoustic models connecting the physical production of <speech> to its measurable signal. His <Acoustic Theory of Speech Production by Gunnar Fant> relates vocal-tract geometry to acoustic behavior, including calculations based on X-ray studies of articulations. The original book dates to 1960; the inspected publisher preview is its 1970 second printing.<Acoustic Theory of Speech Production by Gunnar Fant>[title page, copyright page and contents]{ref}
His <source-filter model of speech production> separates excitation from the filtering of the <vocal tract>. Changing a filter's resonances can move <formants> without requiring the same change in the <fundamental frequency> of the source. This makes <speech synthesis> an experimental tool: a researcher can vary model parameters and compare the generated signal with recorded speech. KTH's account explicitly describes his synthesis work as a means of testing production hypotheses.<Human Speech and Communication at KTH>[research history, Fant and the experimental role of synthesis]{ref}
KTH's curriculum vitae records 1919–2009 and his leadership of the Speech Transmission Laboratory from 1951 to 1966.<Curriculum Vitae of Gunnar Fant at KTH>[p. 1, dates and Employment]{ref}
\Image[https://thumb.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Gunnar_Fant.jpg/250px-Gunnar_Fant.jpg]
{title=<Gunnar Fant>}
{description=Portrait credited to the Department of Speech, Music and Hearing, KTH, Stockholm. https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Gunnar_Fant.jpg[Wikimedia Commons file record, named subject and institutional credit]{ref} Licensed https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/[CC BY-SA 3.0].}
{width=200}
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