= Hashin-Shtrikman bounds for conductivity
{c}
{title2=$a_1+\frac{3a_1(a_2-a_1)p_2}{3a_1+p_1(a_2-a_1)}\le a^*\le a_2+\frac{3a_2(a_1-a_2)p_1}{3a_2+p_2(a_1-a_2)}$}
= Hashin-Shtrikman conductivity bounds
{c}
{synonym}
These are the optimal volume-fraction bounds for three-dimensional statistically isotropic two-phase conductivity with $0<a_1<a_2$. Constant phase polarization trial fields reduce the variational principle to a scalar quadratic optimization. The upper trial functional is minimized; the lower one is maximized.
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