= Heinz London
{c}
{tag=Physicist}
{wiki}
<Heinz London> and <Fritz London> formulated the <London equations> in 1935 to describe the magnetic response of a <superconductor>. Zero electrical resistance alone does not specify expulsion of an existing <magnetic field>; their additional magnetic relation accounts for the <Meissner effect>. In a simple planar geometry it gives a field decaying into the material as $B(z)=B(0)e^{-z/\lambda_L}$, where $\lambda_L$ is the <London penetration depth>. Their phenomenological theory links a measurable penetration length to superconducting electrodynamics without supplying a microscopic pairing mechanism.<The electromagnetic equations of the supraconductor by Fritz London and Heinz London>[Proceedings of the Royal Society A 149, 71–88 (1935), magnetic relation and penetration of an applied field]{ref}
\Image[https://collectionimages.npg.org.uk/std/mw101923/Heinz-London.jpg]
{title=Portrait of <Heinz London>}
{description=Elliott & Fry; National Portrait Gallery collection, NPG x90353. External portrait hosted by National Portrait Gallery.}
{source=https://www.npg.org.uk/collections/search/person/mp76833/heinz-london}
{width=260}
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