{c}

<Helge F. Goessling> coauthored work on the radiative response of the middle atmosphere to increased <carbon dioxide>. The paper develops a model perspective that distinguishes local emission and absorption from the whole-column energy budget.<Why CO2 cools the middle atmosphere - a consolidating model perspective by Helge F. Goessling and Sebastian Bathiany>[Abstract: middle-atmosphere cooling mechanisms]{ref}

It illustrates why the effect of changing an absorber cannot be inferred from its absorption strength alone. <Optical depth>, <temperature> and the surrounding radiation field jointly determine whether a layer gains or loses energy.


 Helge F. Goessling (source code)