= Hospital mortality funnel plot
{title2=$(n_i,\widehat p_i)$}
A hospital mortality funnel plot places each hospital's observed mortality proportion against its case volume. Under an independent <binomial distribution> model with common target p, the <standard error> is $\sqrt{p(1-p)/n_i}$, so uncertainty bands contract as volume grows. This is a provider-performance plot, distinct in purpose and axes from a meta-analysis funnel plot. A signal requires investigation of data quality and patient case mix before drawing a causal conclusion.
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