Iceberg freeboard
= Iceberg freeboard
{title2=$F=H-\rho_w^{-1}\int_0^H\rho_i(z)\,dz$}
For a vertical-sided floating <iceberg> of height $H$, <Archimedes' principle> equates displaced water mass to ice mass. Its draft is $\rho_w^{-1}\int_0^H\rho_i(z)\,dz$ and its freeboard is the remaining height above water. A depth-dependent <mass density> must be integrated; using the densest layer throughout overestimates the draft.