= IceCube 2013 astrophysical-neutrino experiment
{c}
{title2=2013}
In $662$ live days during 2010–2012, $28$ events exceeded the expected $10.6^{+5.0}_{-3.6}$ atmospheric events. <Energy>, direction and topology supported an extraterrestrial component. Combined searches gave $4.1\sigma$ with additional benchmark charm background; uncertain charm production affected significance. No source clustering was established.<Evidence for High-Energy Extraterrestrial Neutrinos at the IceCube Detector by IceCube Collaboration>[Results; Discussion; Search for Neutrino Sources]{ref}
A diffuse excess and an identified source answer different questions. The first compares populations against a background hypothesis; the second needs an association in direction, perhaps also in time.
Escaping <muons> or <neutrinos> can make deposited <energy> smaller than incoming <neutrino> <energy>.<Evidence for High-Energy Extraterrestrial Neutrinos at the IceCube Detector by IceCube Collaboration>[Table 1; Event Reconstruction]{ref}
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