Incidence matrix
= Incidence matrix
{title2=$B_{ve}$}
A vertex-edge incidence matrix records which <vertices> are endpoints of each <edge> of a <graph>. The unsigned convention uses entries one at the endpoints, with a convention for loops. Choosing an orientation gives the <oriented incidence matrix>, with minus one at the initial endpoint and plus one at the terminal endpoint. These are different conventions and should be specified when using the matrix in a computation.