Harmonic-measure asymptotic at infinity 2026-10-07
For a compact H-hull and a Borel subset of the intrinsic boundary of a simply connected domain, hydrodynamic normalization at infinity and the Poisson kernel for the upper half-plane give this limit as with . After multiplying the kernel by , it tends pointwise to one and is eventually uniformly bounded. Dominated convergence proves the finite-measure case and Fatou's lemma proves the infinite-measure case.
Past exam of the mathematics course of the University of Cambridge 2013 iii Paper 27 1 i Solution Created 2026-10-03 Updated 2026-10-07
Use the intrinsic boundary of a simply connected domain, so different approaches to the two sides of a slit remain distinct. The mapping-out function extends as a homeomorphism from this intrinsic compactification to that of the complex upper half-plane. Set . The imaginary coordinate of planar Brownian motion hits zero in finite time almost surely, and is no larger than that time. Thus and continuity gives a finite Euclidean exit point.
By conformal invariance of planar Brownian motion, is a planar Brownian motion in the complex upper half-plane, run with clockThe terminal clock cannot be infinite: that would make the transformed Brownian motion stay in the upper half-plane forever. It cannot stop while the transformed path is in the interior either, since continuity of would then put the original exit point inside . Hence the terminal clock is precisely the transformed Brownian exit time. The transformed path converges to a real boundary point, and applying the extended inverse proves almost sure convergence to a point of the intrinsic boundary.
Write , and let . The point at infinity has zero harmonic measure. Conformal invariance of planar Brownian motion and the Poisson kernel for the upper half-plane giveThe hydrodynamic normalization at infinity gives , so along the specified approach and . For each fixed real ,If , dominated convergence applies because is eventually bounded. If , Fatou's lemma makes the limit infinite. This proves the harmonic-measure asymptotic at infinitywith the equality understood in the extended nonnegative reals.