Isobaric thermal stability of a two-level coolant
= Isobaric thermal stability of a two-level coolant
At fixed <pressure> and fixed composition, <density> varies as $T^{-1}$. With <temperature>-independent heating per particle, low-<density> cooling per particle scales as $T^{-3/2}e^{-\theta/T}$ and is restoring for $T<2\theta/3$. For constant heating per volume instead, the cooling scales as $T^{-5/2}e^{-\theta/T}$ and the threshold is $2\theta/5$. The heating normalization and perturbation constraint must be specified.