= Jacques Winter
{c}
{tag=Physicist}
An experimental <atomic physicist> who coauthored a 1952 report on <optical pumping> with <Jean Brossel> and <Alfred Kastler>. Selective absorption of <light> redistributes population among ground-state <Zeeman effect> sublevels, preparing an atomic ensemble whose magnetic-state populations differ from thermal equilibrium. This connects control of incident light to preparation and readout of atomic angular momentum.<Création optique d’une inégalité de population entre les sous-niveaux Zeeman de l’état fondamental des atomes by Jean Brossel and others>[Publisher byline, title and optical-pumping classification]{ref}
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