History of Catalan enumeration 2026-10-14
Leonhard Euler's 1751 correspondence already studied triangulations of a convex polygon and gave a closed formula for their counts. Johann Andreas von Segner supplied a combinatorial recurrence relation in a paper written in 1758. Eugène Charles Catalan's nineteenth-century work connected the formula to bracketed products. This history, documented in Igor Pak's account, shows how the same counting structure reappeared through different objects; the modern name alone does not establish discovery priority.[ref]
History of Catalan numbers by Igor Pak. §§2–3 and §5, printed pp. 2–4: Euler correspondence, Segner recurrence and Catalan's bracketed products